《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(12): 1795-1803

小麦抗旱研究进展

赵燕昊, 曹跃芬, 孙威怡, 戎均康^*

浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院, 浙江省农作物品质改良重点实验室, 浙江临安311300

通信作者：戎均康；E-mail: junkangrong@126.com

摘　要：

小麦(Triticum aestivum)是世界性的重要粮食作物, 在我国农业产业及国民经济发展中有举足轻重的地位。水资源短缺是目前小麦生产面临的最大环境问题之一。相关研究发现干旱胁迫条件下, 小麦的生长发育、开花授粉、光合作用、生物量、叶绿素含量以及各类生物酶[过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)等]活性和含量等均会受到不同程度的影响。国内外许多学者对干旱胁迫下小麦生理应答机制进行了大量的研究, 并取得了一些成果。基于前人的研究, 本文从干旱胁迫下小麦生理变化、抗旱机制、抗旱品种鉴定及解决小麦干旱胁迫的途径等四个方面对小麦抗旱相关研究的现状进行了概述。

关键词：干旱胁迫; 小麦; 生理应答机制; 研究进展

收稿：2016-08-04   修定：2016-09-12

资助：国家自然科学基金(31301372)和浙江省科技厅公益性项目(2014C32027)。

The research advances in drought resistance in wheat

ZHAO Yan-Hao, CAO Yue-Fen, SUN Wei-Yi, RONG Jun-Kang^*

The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, Zhejiang 311300, China

Corresponding author: RONG Jun-Kang; E-mail: junkangrong@126.com

Abstract:

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) is one of the most important food crops in the world, and it plays an important role in the development of China’s agricultural industry and national economy. Water shortage is one of the biggest environmental problems in wheat production. Related researches found that the wheat growth and development, pollination, photosynthesis, biomass, chlorophyll content and the activities and contents of various biological enzymes [peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), etc.] would be influenced on different degrees by drought stress. Extensive researches have been carried out to study on the physiological response mechanism of wheat under drought stress and some achievements have been obtained. Based on the previous studies, the recent research advances were summarized here on the wheat physiological changes under drought stress, wheat drought-resistant mechanism, drought-resistant varieties identification and approaches to drought resistance in wheat.

Key words: drought stress; Triticum aestivum; physiological response mechanism; research advances